We have an old house that has what appears to be about R3 insulation in our roof. We are in Sydney and find the house hot in summer and colder in winter, so I wanted to top this up, by adding another layer on top of the existing layer. I have 3 questions:
1) the joists are already filled with the insulation. Can you place further insulation on top, so that it sticks above the joists? I am aware that compressing the insulation down is not advised (as it reduces the r values). A solution would be to run the insulation over the top of the joists (but then I don't get how you can walk around after it is put down).
2) there are a range of spots where there is no insulation, including above an internal wall (I suspect in a previous iteration of the house this was an external wall at some point). Should insulation be put over the top of this?
3) we have a manhole cover with a ladder. My understanding is that the presence of uninsulated areas has a disproportionate impact in reducing the effectiveness of the ceiling. Are there any ways to improve the thermodynamics of this area (I couldn't see how this would be possible but thought it worth asking,
Thanks in advance.